A statuette of St. Barabara originates from the original altar of the Transfiguration (before 1747) which was destroyed in 1914. In 1929, the altar was reconstructed, using preserved elements of the previous reredos, including the sculpture in question. Saint Barbara was daughter of a wealthy pagan, she secretly converted to Christianity in secret from her father and took vows of chastity, for which he locked her in the tower, and later she was sentenced to be beheaded. Her attributes are a chalice with the Host or (very rarely) a monstrance and a palm leaf.
Paulina Kluz, "St. Barbara", [in:] "The Sacred Lesser Poland Heritage", 2024, source: https://sdm.upjp2.edu.pl/en/works/st-barbara