The crucifix was probably created in the first half of the 17th century. The depiction of Christ as a living man (Cristo vivo), i.e. with open eyes, illustrates the very emotional moment when the Saviour spoke the last words before death, described by the Evangelists (Mt 27:46; Mk 15:34; Lk 23:46; Jn 19:30).
Paulina Kluz, "Crucifix", [in:] "The Sacred Lesser Poland Heritage", 2024, source: https://sdm.upjp2.edu.pl/en/works/crucifix-25